Renew your subscription to regain access to all of our exclusive, ad-free study tools. You'll be able to access your notes and highlights, make requests, and get updates on new titles. Note: When citing an online source, it is important to include all necessary dates. The original text plus a side-by-side modern translation of. Active Themes Related Quotes with Explanations Complete your free account to request a guide. Christina Diaz Gonzalez, author of The Red Umbrella and A Thunderous Whisper. Once he is released, the family flees to Cuba. Meeting Aaron at Hamburg, Josef is shocked to see his once-confident father visibly anxious and harrowed. Storyboard That is the perfect tool for novel lesson plans and activities because it's so easy to use and extremely versatile. Isabel's story is set in Cuba in 1994 during a time of great economic crisis and upheaval. As Gratz observes in his author's note to the novel, the MS St. Louis was a real ship carrying . Josef's life is turned upside down on the night when Nazi Brownshirts take his father away to a concentration camp. Subscribe now. Seor Castillo, who is passive for much of the action, pulls Isabel into the water at the end of the novel to ensure that she reaches the American coast. When the St. Louis reaches Havana Harbor in Cuba, the ship is not allowed to dock. Within the portal, all users can view and copy all storyboards. All storyboards are private and secure to the portal using enterprise-class file security hosted by Microsoft Azure. That day in 1940 in France, her mother could not make the impossible choice before her. Lito is rescued and deported to Cuba. What is a conflict in the book Refugee by Alan Gratz? (one code per order). The Landau's went through many hardships during the . creating and saving your own notes as you read. Josef, his sister Ruth, and his mother all travel to Hamburg to board a ship that will take them to Cuba. With Storyboard That, you can create a wide variety of storyboards such as the story from the main character's perspective, or any other character's point of view. The rest, like Josef and his mother, were largely sent to concentration camps after Germany invaded other European countries. Last Updated on June 29, 2020, by eNotes Editorial. Isabel: Between Bahamas and Florida - 1994, 5 days (1) Themes and Colors Key The hatred that Josef experiences on the tour only reminds him, and the readers, of the stakes of the trip. Did you know you can highlight text to take a note? His father, Aaron, is taken away by the Nazis on Kristallnacht and is sent to the Dachau concentration camp. Even though Aaron still lives, his suicide attempt shows not only his own inner despair but the trauma that this event causes for Josef. About Press Copyright Contact us Creators Advertise Developers Terms Privacy Policy & Safety How YouTube works Test new features Press Copyright Contact us Creators . His father refuses to leave the cabin, thinking the gathering is a Nazi trap. The novel follows the stories of three refugee children in three different geographic locations and points in time. Josef demonstrates his personal desire to grow up, but over the course of the novel he comes to recognize the value of being able to be a child. This is an engaging tale. Equally real are the events of 1994 depicted in the novel. Our summaries and analyses are written by experts, and your questions are answered by real teachers. Josef demonstrates his personal desire to grow up, but over the course of the novel he comes to recognize the value of being able to be a child. Your group members can use the joining link below to redeem their group membership. Finally, storyboards are a great way to assess student understanding because they provide a visual representation of student learning. Mahmoud learns to shed his anonymity and turn more decisive as his raft flounders in the Mediterranean. The Bisharas set sail on the crowded raft, standing in the freezing rain and cold. Refugee Characters. Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 10 days. Detailed explanations, analysis, and citation info for every important quote on LitCharts. The novels subtler point is that this extraordinariness itself is terrible. You'll be able to access your notes and highlights, make requests, and get updates on new titles. Six months later, his mother receives a telegram that her husband has been released, but the family must leave Germany immediately. However, because the number of people fleeing Cuba was enormous, the US government was extremely ambiguous about granting them asylum, placing the refugees in a very precarious position. Meanwhile, there is a rumor spreading that the ships passengers are likely to be turned back from Cuba, a thought too terrible for Josef to accept. PDF downloads of all 1699 LitCharts literature guides, and of every new one we publish. Refine any search. Empathy and Social Responsibility. Refugee: Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean - 1939, 10 days Summary & Analysis Next Isabel: Straits of Florida - 1994, 1 day (2) Themes and Colors Key Summary Analysis Josef and some of the other children on the St. Louis take a tour of the ship 's bridge and engine room. As Gratz observes in his authors note to the novel, the MS St. Louis was a real ship carrying 937 passengers, almost all of them Jews fleeing Nazi atrocities, that set sail for Cuba from Hamburg in 1939. -Graham S. Would not have made it through AP Literature without the printable PDFs. Though Refugee is a novel, all three of its main storylines are based on actual historical events. eNotes Editorial. After the police see Isabels father participate in a riot, there is no option but for the Fernandez family to leave Cuba by boat. Summary Plot Overview Refugee follows the stories of three different children and their families, each attempting to flee their violent homelands, in different regions of the world and during different decades. Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 6 days, Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 8 days, Isabel: Straits of Florida 1994, 1 day (1), Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 10 days, Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 11 days, Isabel: The Straits of Florida 1994, 1 day (3), Mahmoud: Izmir, Turkey 2015, 11 days (1), Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 14 days, Isabel: The Straits of Florida 1994, 1 day (4), Mahmoud: Izmir, Turkey 2015, 11 days (2), Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 17 days, Isabel: Straits of Florida 1994, 2 days, Mahmoud: The Mediterranean 2015, 11 days (1), Mahmoud: The Mediterranean 2015, 11 days (2), Isabel: Between Bahamas and Florida 1994, 4 days, Mahmoud: The Mediterranean 2015, 11 days (3), Isabel: Between Bahamas and Florida 1994, 5 days (1), Mahmoud: Lesbos to Athens 2015, 12 days (3), Isabel: Between Bahamas and Florida 1994, 5 days (2), Mahmoud: Macedonia to Serbia 2015, 14-15 days, Isabel: Coast of Florida 1994, 5 days (1), Mahmoud: Serbia to Hungary 2015, 15-16 days, Isabel: Coast of Florida 1994, 5 days (2), Isabel: Coast of Florida 1994, 5 days (3), Josef: Vornay, France 1940, 1 year, 1 month, 10 days, Isabel: Coast of Florida 1994, 5 days (4), Mahmoud: Hungary to Germany 2015, 17 days. Josef, Isabel, and Mahmouds strands begin to converge. What are some of the themes, symbols and motifs present in the novel? Our summaries and analyses are written by experts, and your questions are answered by real teachers. Before long, the raft capsizes, and the family stays alive by floating in the frigid water, their counterfeit life jackets refusing to work. The two families face much peril in the Florida straits: giant tankers, a hurricane that blows them off course, running out of fuel and water, deadly sharks, and Mami's going into labor all while trying to avoid the U.S. Coast guard so that they can make it to shore where they can claim asylum. The scale of the devastation in Syria is immense: Given its historical roots, why did Gratz write the novel as a work of fiction? They will also appear in Google search results. In the end, these three stories are connected. (including. Review: Refugee is a powerful novel about three very different children. A few of the crew, however, openly dislike the Jewish passengers, especially Otto Schiendick, who proudly states his Nazi allegiance. This Study Guide consists of approximately 70pages of chapter summaries, quotes, character analysis, themes, and more - Along with the Castillosincluding Isabels best friend, IvnIsabel; her father, Geraldo; and her pregnant mother, Teresa, leave Havana for Florida. Josef: Havana Harbor 1939, 19 days (2). Mahmoud and his family travel through Serbia and into Hungary, where they are detained at a refugee camp that is built like a prison. In addition, any storyboard can be made sharable, where a private link to the storyboard can be shared externally. The Syrian Civil War is still ongoing as of 2021. The way the content is organized, Isabel: Straits of Florida 1994, 1 day (2), LitCharts assigns a color and icon to each theme in, Injustice and Cruelty vs. It is called the most deadly conflict of the 21st century thus far, with 250,000 casualties and millions Syrians who have been forced to flee the devastation. Braving extremely choppy and shark-infested waters, the two families make the ninety-mile run to Florida. The family is eventually pulled from the water by the Greek Coast Guard. Order our Refugee (Alan Gratz) Study Guide, teaching or studying Refugee (Alan Gratz). The night that they were captured in France, Josef volunteered to be taken by the Nazis; both Josef and their mother were killed in concentration camps. Refugee is a heart-pounding adventure as well as an important book that shines a light on a too often invisible and politicized problem. eNotes.com All three families make their asylum-seeking journeys on boats through perilous waters. It tells the story of three refugee children and their families in different times and places. Also, there are parallels between the three stories, and at the end, all of the three stories are connected. By signing up you agree to our terms and privacy policy. No one else can view anything. By focusing on details such as Ruths stuffed rabbit, Mahmouds counterfeit life jackets, and Isabels trumpet, fiction forces readers to view tragedy not as a removed phenomenon, but as something happening daily to people like us.. However, one day Castro announces that he wont enforce staying in the country anymore, and Isabels family is ready to leave in a small boat their friends made. Summary This section starts with Josef's perspective, somewhere on the Atlantic in 1939, "8 days from home" (74). PDF downloads of all 1699 LitCharts literature guides, and of every new one we publish. Refine any search. After it capsizes, it is another boat that gives Hana a chance at life, and it is a Greek Coast Guard boat that ultimately rescues Mahmouds family. Before the ceremony begins, the Rabbi asks the captain to take down the portrait of Hitler, which the captain does. Im a big fan of that, and it was executed brilliantly here. On the ship, Ruth, born in Nazi Germany, has the freedom to play openly for the first time in her life. Josef Landau, from the book Refugee, is a 13 year old boy born into the life of World War 2. T he main characters in Refugee are Josef Landau, Isabel Fernandez, and Mahmoud Bishara.. Josef Landau is a twelve-year-old Jewish boy living in Berlin, Germany, in 1938. This summary should be accessible to high beginning or low intermediate ENL students. Its other accolades include the Sydney Taylor Book Award, the National Jewish Book Award, the Cybils Middle Grade Fiction Award, a Charlotte Huck Award Honor, and a Malka Penn Award for . He watches his friends' father, whom had already sought asylum in Cuba, come to pick up his daughters on the boat. When Officer Padron returns to the St. Louis, he is treated like a hero by the Jewish passengers. Josef's story starts with Kristallnacht, the Night of Broken Glass in 1938. All three stories make for a great novel and it will teach you a lot and appreciate how good we have it. PDFs of modern translations of every Shakespeare play and poem. Teachers and parents! A biblical reference to Noahs ark as the sanctuary bridging creatures over troubled waters is implicit in the novels boat imagery. They take a train to board the St. Louis, where it feels like paradise compared to the treatment they received the last couple of years. They're like having in-class notes for every discussion!, This is absolutely THE best teacher resource I have ever purchased. This dude does his history homework and then hides it in a total page-turner. Josef wonders what this means for (read more from the Pages 74 - 109 Summary). Definitions and examples of 136 literary terms and devices. (including. What is the setting of "Games at Twilight"? Though Josef is devastated, he wonders if this is what becoming a man means - not relying on your father. Mahmouds father arranges for a smuggler to take them to the island of Lesbos, in Greece. everything you need to sharpen your knowledge of Refugee. SparkNotes PLUS Isabel Fernandezis escaping Castro's Cuba in 1994. This is an easy summary of the book Refugee by Alan Gratz. Members will be prompted to log in or create an account to redeem their group membership. Teachers and parents! Refugee is more than a story about children fleeing their homelands, it is a story about what unites us all love, family and perseverance. Like Josef, Isabel too has to grow up overnight in the face of uncertainty and assume the mantle of the adult of the family. Renews March 11, 2023 The passage of the two families is secured by Lito, who throws himself into the water to distract the US Coast Guard. Filled with both tragic loss and ample evidence of resilience, these memorable and tightly plotted stories contextualize and give voice to current refugee crises, Exceptional readers Michael Goldstrom, Kyla Garcia, and Assaf Cohen tackle Gratzs compelling novel. This heart-stopping novel is not only compelling it is necessary. The stories are set in different times and places and are told from the perspective of the refugee children. Mahmoud decides that he no longer wants to be ignored and leads the refugees out of the prison, walking twelve hours to Austria. Yet this episode also shows how Ruthie has been able to retain some of her innocence and childhood as she plays, which only showcases Josefs comparative maturity when he refuses. Creating notes and highlights requires a free LitCharts account. What are the different settings of the novel and how does it affect and shape the characters? Contact us Refugee is a powerful novel about three very different children. LitCharts Teacher Editions. In their memory, she decided to make Berlin her home. Josef: Train to Hamburg - 1939, 1 day Themes and Colors Key Summary Analysis After school, Mahmoud, Waleed, and their mother, Fatima, do their usual afternoon prayer. Scholastic|July 25,2017|Ages 8and Up. His experiences with oppression in Germany, and then as a refugee, cause him to grow up far sooner than he should have to. Lito jumps in the water to distract the Coast Guard, and Isabels mother gives birth to a boy, just as they reach the shore. These arent completely true stories, but these things do happen to real people, even today. The refugees aboard the St. Louis are delivered to England, Belgium, the Netherlands, and France. Mahmoud hands his sister, Hana, to another passing raft of refugees, knowing that his mother cannot hold her and swim. online is the same, and will be the first date in the citation. Josef's father suffers greatly from post traumatic stress disorder from his months of torture, starvation, and hard labor in the concentration camp. A heartrending and important tale for our time. You're awesome. You have successfully joined Alan's newsletter list! Josef's story starts with Kristallnacht, the Night of Broken Glass in 1938. eNotes.com The two families face many challenges as they try to cross the Caribbean Sea to Florida. After a few weeks in Munich, Mahmouds family is transferred to a host family in Berlin. Refugee is a young adult literature novel by Alan Gratz published by Scholastic Corporation in 2017. The trip is initially joyous and hopeful. Officer Padron, a Cuban policeman assigned to the St. Louis, saves Josefs father. However, one day Castro announces that he wont enforce staying in the country anymore, and Isabels family is ready to leave in a small boat their friends made. The audio version provides an ideal (even mandatory) opportunity for libraries to share these resonating tales with readers reluctant to pick up the page. The second date is today's It is shabbos and time for Josefs Bar Mitzvah, the Jewish religious ceremony when a Jewish boy turns 13 years old. Out of the 937 aboard, roughly 254 ultimately perished in Nazi concentration camps. It gives the reader an unflinching look at the humanity, courage, and struggle of refugees seeking safety and freedom. He is gaunt and thin; looking "like an escapee from a mental asylum" (36). Continue to start your free trial. Wed love to have you back! The author can choose to leave the storyboard public or mark it as Unlisted. Refine any search. The second date is today's Teachers may opt to lower the security if they want to allow sharing. Josef did, and he sacrificed himself for Ruth. Isabels family and friends have always wanted to leave the country, but Castro will throw you in jail if you try to escape. Josefs story starts with Kristallnacht, the Night of Broken Glass in 1938. He promises the passengers that he will try to deliver them to a country other than Germany. Refugee by Alan Gratz is a historical fiction novel written in 2017 that weaves together three compelling stories of families seeking sanctuary in other countries. Find related themes, quotes, symbols, characters, and more. And although Josef, Isabel, and Mahmoud are separated by continents and decades, surprisingconnections will tie their stories together in the end. The second is the date of eNotes.com will help you with any book or any question. Josefs father gets sent to a concentration camp. Each version of Storyboard That has a different privacy and security model that is tailored for the expected usage. For Aaron, it represents a metaphorical death, as he disappears into the water and subsequently out of Josefs life. Ruth promises to help Mahmoud find Hana. 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Chapter 34 Summary: "Josef: Just outside Havana Harbor1939" Aboard the MS St. Louis, the passengers give a hero's welcome to Officer Padronthe policeman who rescued Josef's father from the water. At another level, however, water represents change, which many of the main characters have to undergo either to survive or to redeem themselves. Further, children are made heroes in Refugee precisely because children should not, ideally, have to be heroes. SparkNotes Plus subscription is $4.99/month or $24.99/year as selected above. Josef, his family, and the passengers are now faced with the possibility of being returned to Germany and to their certain death. The citation above will include either 2 or 3 dates. Josef's father grows anxious, and Josef fears the doctor will find his father mentally ill and turn the family away. How does the. Detailed explanations, analysis, and citation info for every important quote on LitCharts. This is a fascinating tale. One example is when Josefs family falls apart and he has to be the leader by talking to other people and acting as the main adult of his family. This section starts with Josefs perspective, somewhere on the Atlantic in 1939, 8 days from home (74). At only 13, Josef takes on much of the family's responsibilities. Making their way past ISIS operatives, they get to Turkey by road, where a boat is to take them to Greece tomorrow. Again, like it was for the Landaus at the Cuban coast, that tomorrow is deferred, day after day and week after week, and the family is forced to take shelter in an abandoned Turkish mall. The Nazis invade France just a few months after Josefs family arrives there. Josef Landau is a twelve-year-old boy living in Berlin. All three stories make for a great novel and it will teach you a lot and appreciate how good we have it. His 2017 novel Refugee has spent more than two years on the New York Times bestseller list, and is the winner of 14 state awards. Trauma and. His father was put into a concentration camp during "The Night of Broken Glass," while Josef and his sister, Ruth watched their father being taken inhumanly. While they travel, they ask if anyone has seen Hana. Young readers will finish this book and ask: What should we do? His only distinguishing characteristics are big ears and wire-rimmed glasses. Isabels best friend and neighbor, Ivn, is building a small boat with his father so that his family can flee to America. Meant to be read, discussed, and shared widely. If there are two dates, the date of publication and appearance 4 Mar. The Nazis invade France in 1940, forcing the Landaus to go on the run once again. The third story belongs to thirteen-year-old Mahmoud Bishara, who lives in war-torn Aleppo, Syria, against the backdrop of a crisis which continues into the present day. However, the trouble begins when the ship docks in Havana harbor and the Cuban government does not allow the passengers to disembark. Isabel trades her trumpet to a fisherman for gasoline, paying her familys way onto Ivns familys boat. date the date you are citing the material. What were some allusions (references to real people, places, events, religious practices, art, literature) present in the novel? Chapter 1 Summary: "Josef: Berlin, Germany1938". on 50-99 accounts. Summary Themes Questions & Answers Characters Analysis Refugee Themes T he main themes in Refugee are trauma and growing up, the dehumanization of refugees, and empathy and hope. Josefs fathers mental state deteriorates further, and he eventually jumps from the ship, trying to kill himself. Through the perils and forced courage of his protagonists, Gratz highlights the biggest tragedy of all refugee crises in history: the loss of childhood. All storyboards are public and can be viewed and copied by anyone. Your subscription will continue automatically once the free trial period is over. What is the summary of refugee? What is the setting of "Games at Twilight" by Anita Desai? If there are three dates, the first date is the date of the original eNotes.com, Inc. Eventually, the rest of the family is rescued by the Greek Coast Guard and taken to Lesbos, where the coast is littered with the bodies of Syrian refugees who drowned in transit. TO CANCEL YOUR SUBSCRIPTION AND AVOID BEING CHARGED, YOU MUST CANCEL BEFORE THE END OF THE FREE TRIAL PERIOD. After the war ended, Ruth returned to Germany to look for Josef and Rachel, but learned that the two were killed in concentration camps. Once he is released, the family flees to Cuba. With urgent, clear-eyed storytelling, Gratzs Refugee compellingly explores the desperation and strength that unites those struggling for a place to call home. Though the three stories are historically discrete at first glance, they are linked by the fates of Ruth, Lito, and the Bisharas. Isabels family and friends have always wanted to leave the country, but Castro will throw you in jail if you try to escape. The places where they live are in a horrifying state of turmoil. After Mahmouds home is destroyed, his brother Waleed, sister Hana, and his parents drive to the border of Turkey, hoping to escape. They skipped the chapters on the other two characters, and the students that read Josef's story had to read the last chapter of Mahmoud's . School Library Journal Audiobooks - STARRED REVIEW. However, soon enough, Germany invades Poland, thus beginning World War II. The family face incredible hardship and tragedy throughout their long journey through Turkey, Greece, Macedonia, Serbia, and Hungary on their way to Germany. REFUGEE braids three different stories of young refugees. Gratz illustrates more dehumanization from the Nazis, exemplified in Schiendicks equation of the children with rats. The original text plus a side-by-side modern translation of. The Landaus disembark in France, which gives them some months of respite. Refugee is a powerful novel about three very different children. (including. Their city of Aleppo is in ruins and the family decide that leaving Syria is their only option if they wish to survive. This is a powerful and inspirational book written by Alan Gratz, a great author. You'll also receive an email with the link. It carried 937 Jewish refugees who were seeking freedom from Nazi persecution in Germany. Please wait while we process your payment. The Castillos have been secretly building a makeshift boat and the next day, they set out together for Miami. Isabel Fernandez is an eleven-year-old girl who lives just outside Havana in 1994. Even amongst people who have lost everything, they still have empathy toward this man who showed the same courtesy to a fellow Jewish person. Full of struggle, heroism, and non-stop adventure, Refugee is not only an important book, its a terrific story. Empathy and Social Responsibility. eNotes.com, Inc. You may cancel your subscription on your Subscription and Billing page or contact Customer Support at custserv@bn.com. Mahmoud and his traumatized younger brother, Waleed, have learned to survive the frequent bombings and the bullying by majority Sunnis by learning to be invisible. However, the family is forced to act when their neighborhood is bombed.