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By showing a truer representation of Greek heroes she questions the type of man that society has historically championed. grieving over Odysseus's absence. Ismene struggles to persuade her sister Antigone to obey the edict of their uncle Creon, the new head of state: Were girls, she cries. Appears In Hannibal's Sister THEE-see-uhs Thegoal of Ancient Origins is to highlight recent archaeological discoveries, peer-reviewed academic research and evidence, as well as offering alternative viewpoints and explanations of science, archaeology, mythology, religion and history around the globe. Sisyphus was, in fact, like Autolycus and Prometheus, a widely popular figure of folklorethe trickster, or master thief. and Odysseus were deeply in love, so it was with great sorrow that Retrieved February 22, 2023 from Encyclopedia.com: https://www.encyclopedia.com/humanities/dictionaries-thesauruses-pictures-and-press-releases/penelope. Or take Odysseus's wife, Penelope, who patiently and loyally waits for 20 years for her husband to return home from the Trojan wars. about 1509 https://www.encyclopedia.com/arts/dictionaries-thesauruses-pictures-and-press-releases/penelope, MICHAEL KENNEDY and JOYCE BOURNE "Pnlope Curiously, despite being the Muse of dance and the title she was given, Terpsichore is normally portrayed sitting and playing the lyre. Clearly, he is everlastingly punished in Hades as the penalty for cheating Death, but why he is set to roll a great stone incessantly is a puzzle to which no convincing answer has yet been given. Her tears had fell to the ground and turned into star-shaped flowers. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. Alternate Names Pylades becomes Orestes' 'friend' or the erotic nature of Zeus' infatuation with Ganymede was omitted. Born from the fire, Draupadi was fiery, gorgeous, and strong-willed. In particular, she is associated with the rote memorization that was necessary to preserve the myths and histories of the ancient Greek before the invention of writing. In medieval Europe, it was thought that the flower possesses magical powers to drive away serpents, as well as ward off evil spirits and negative influences. In the contemporary world, she is beloved by many of the contemporary Finnish black metal musicians. . The ancient Greeks and Romans believed that this goddess, who was the daughter of Ouranos and Gaia, was in charge of memory and remembrance. Bheem's wife Hidimba was a rakshasi or demon. WebLatinus (Latin: Latinus; Ancient Greek: , Latnos, or , Latenos) was a figure in both Greek and Roman mythology.He is often associated with the heroes of the Trojan War, namely Odysseus and Aeneas.Although his appearance in the Aeneid is irreconcilable with his appearance in Greek mythology, the two pictures are not so She was beautiful and had amassed a great fortune. He wanted to review the situation in his kingdom before revealing his return. iiK06?B%(] nyem7g'FbsU`L`mbp;4>sYtYl@Eb7|rA 8'`A%Ro|&*6CC924*''
`garMt{=DNA`)32(. People of colour were certainly present in the stories the Egyptians, Ethiopians and Carthaginians being obvious examples but why are so few represented in the art produced to depict this mythology? In the myth, Pierus, the king of Macedon, is said to have had nine daughters, known also as the Pierides. and privacy policy, Sign up to the Art UK newsletter, a weekly edit of insightful art stories, Posted 11 Apr 2019, by (February 22, 2023). Ulysses (Roman) If you compare her painting The Judgment of Paris witha fifteenth-century example from The Burrell Collection on the same topic, you can see that in Colquhoun's version the three goddesses Athena, Aphrodite and Hera are presented in all their divine glory with Paris, who sits head bowed and humbled. VideoHound's Golden Movie Retriever. While there are many variations of the myth, one version says that during the early ages, people made iron weapons for destruction, so the god Zeus became furious and eventually decided to destroy all humankind with a flood. were, of course, not averse to a bit of pillage, slaughter, rape and kidnapping often overlooked in the artworks with which we're most familiar. ." He wanted to review the situation in his kingdom before revealing his return. An ancient Ugaritic text describes Anats revenge against a man who slighted her in no uncertain terms: "Anat seized Mot, the divine son,/ With a sickle she cut him,/ with a winnow she winnows him,/ with fire she scorches him,/ with a mill she crushes him,/ she scatters his flesh in the field to be eaten by birds. This is reflected in the word museum, derived from the Greek mouseion, which originally meant temple or shrine of the Muses. In voice and skill we shall not yield to you; in number we are equal. Alternate Names By heralding figures from classical mythology, artists and writers from the Renaissance onwards gave justification to the violent acts being committed on those 'lesser' or 'other' in their own times. Hesiod provides more detail in another part of his Theogony, Nine nights Zeus the resourceful lay with her (Memory), going up to her holy bed far away from the immortals. Marullus: annoyed with the crowd Calpurnia: unable By bringing together top experts and authors, this archaeology website explores lost civilizations, examines sacred writings, tours ancient places, investigates ancient discoveries and questions mysterious happenings. . Chitra Banerjee Divakaruni wove a brilliantly feminist narrative, named The Palace of Illusions, that centered around Draupadi and how she changed the course of the Mahabharata., This ancient Canaanite goddess of love and war is definitely someone you want on your side. When her suitors became insistent again, Penelope announced that she would marry the man who could shoot an arrow through the loops on a row of 12 ax heads. GB Christina Ricci, James McAvoy, Catherine O'Hara, Peter Dinklage, Richard E. Grant, Reese Witherspoon, Simon Woods, Michael Feast, Nigel Havers, Lenny Henry, Ronni Ancona; D: Mark Palansky; W: Leslie Caveny; C: Michel Amanthieu; M: Joby Talbot. . The Oxford Dictionary of Phrase and Fable. Some of her associations are birds and fire. Another of Calliopes children is said to have been Linus of Thrace, another extremely capable musician. She was believed to be a type of Tzitzimitl, a deadly race of star creatures who prey on weak humans. SQA`Fu|oH U*X*L Encyclopedia of World Mythology. Encyclopedia.com. In this work, Hesiod wrote Again, he (Zeus) took love of Memory with her beautiful hair, from whom the Muses with their golden diadems were born to him, nine of them, whose pleasure is in feasts and the delights of song. When Penelope reached womanhood, Odysseus asked for her hand in marriage. She is valued for her patience and fidelity but is also pitied. ." This is clearly reflected by Hesiod, who claimed that he was taught to sing by the Muses themselves, And once they (the Muses) taught Hesiod fine singing, as he tended his lambs below holy Helicon. knowing that Icarius had wanted a son. The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica. The word patience is echoed through the play. ." Icarius named the child Penelope (after the Greek word for During the liberal-democratic revolution in Budapest, Hungary in 1918, aster flowers were sported by protesters. Each goddess is associated with one particular aspect of the arts and provided with appropriate symbols. Retrieved February 22, 2023 from Encyclopedia.com: https://www.encyclopedia.com/environment/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/penelope. For the 20 years that her husband was away during and after the Trojan Warf, Penelope remained true to him and helped prevent his kingdom from falling into other hands. Eutychia (Greek goddess) The Greek personification and Goddess of Happiness. Her strength fuels many black women and she is a major impact on cultural feminism in African-Americans., There are so many strong female characters that pepper the mythologies of the world and we haven't even uncovered half of them. John Keith Vaughan (19121977) Encyclopedia.com. Oxford University Press. SYE-kee "Penelope Penelope Hermes, who had winged feet, was the messenger of the gods and could fly anywhere with great speed. In The Kalevala, Lovatar takes the form of a powerful, shape-shifting witch named Louhi who fiercely battles the epic's protagonists. From: Berens, E.M. See also Consequently, he is allowed to return from the underworld, supposedly to punish his wife for her omission. omen, Each day Penelope would sit weaving the cloth, but at night she would secretly unravel her work. Although the Muses are normally treated collectively, they appear individually in certain Greek myths. There are, however, some voices which question the traditional representation of the Greek myths. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. Tefnuts rage caused droughts, her return brought renewed life, and she was the mother of all the elemental gods of Egypt, including the gods of the sky and earth, and grandmother of Egypts principal gods, Horus, Isis, Osiris, and Set. Click & Collect. Periboea hid her infant daughter as soon as she was born, Interestingly, some famous varieties are the New England aster and the New York aster, which arent really asters at all but belong to other genera. Odyssey, The With fierce heroines fromDraupadi, who did not stand for patriarchal norms at all, to Hel, the ruler of the underworld in Norse mythology, we wonder how women ever got the tag of being 'weak' or 'vulnerable.'. She spends the two decades at home rejecting the advances of other men, and finding ways to protect Odysseus's home while he's off on his epic adventure. Her attributes were the writing tablet and the stylus. He then lives a full life before dying, a second time, in his old age. Top image: Apollo and the Nine Muses. Each day Penelope would sit weaving the cloth, but at night she would secretly unravel her work. couple were finally reunited. bab.la is not responsible for their content. Character Ove, The mythology of the ancient Greeks included a dazzling array of gods, demigods (half-human, half-god), monsters, and heroes. SEE ALSO Greek Mythology; Odysseus; Odyssey, The. Paperback. The Muses accepted the challenge, though reluctantly perhaps, Of course it was a shame to strive with them but greater shame to yield. "Penelope In the Iliad, Briseis the former queen of a conquered city is treated as a possession who can be passed from one owner to the next. Viewers familiar with the poem will know that Odysseus needs to be careful! Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. . They're typically cast as scheming witches, malevolent monsters, cunning temptresses or powerless victims and excepting Athena always lose out to men. Perhaps we're now able to see the stories in a broader context, assessing Greek and Roman mythology more thoroughly celebrating the good and acknowledging the bad. Having heard both the Pierides and the Muses, the judges (unsurprisingly, perhaps) unanimously declared the latter the winners. After three The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Music. Antigone was the mortal daughter of Oedipus and Jocasta, and her sister was Ismene. ." ." (February 22, 2023). Therefore, Mnemosynes connection with the Muses is quite relevant. many suitors. Therefore, its best to use Encyclopedia.com citations as a starting point before checking the style against your school or publications requirements and the most-recent information available at these sites: http://www.chicagomanualofstyle.org/tools_citationguide.html. 490 BC, marble by Greek School. Character Overview, Hera Encyclopedia.com. suitors with help from his son Telemachus. She holds a Masters degree in Linguistics and Education, and has also studied Political Science, Ancient History and Literature. In the Odyssey, Scylla is a ferocious sea monster who prowls a narrow cliff-sided strait, pouncing on unwary sailors and eating them whole. 22 Feb. 2023 . When Penelope reached womanhood, Odysseus asked for her hand in marriage. Please choose different source and target languages. She is valued for her patience and fidelity but is also pitied. ." She was also a planner and an astute strategist. Encyclopedia.com gives you the ability to cite reference entries and articles according to common styles from the Modern Language Association (MLA), The Chicago Manual of Style, and the American Psychological Association (APA). For example, in Homer's Odyssey, the female characters tend to get a bit of a rough deal. An example of such a myth may be found in Ovids Metamorphoses. . Lubaina Himid's painting Hannibal's Sister draws attention to the lack of representations of both powerful women and people of colour from art depicting the classical world. ADONIS A handsome youth loved We're better able to reflect on what is worth emulating and what we should reject. 22 Feb. 2023 . Her attributes were the scroll, book, and clarion (a type of trumpet). Whilst same-sex relationships have been present in the Greek myths (see Achilles and Patroclus, or Apollo and Cyparissus), artworks and translations often skipped over the nature of these relationships. Periboea hid her infant daughter as soon as she was born, knowing that Icarius had wanted a son. Are the Misty Peaks of the Azores Remnants of the Legendary Atlantis? Penelope with the Suitors Its also thought to increase blood circulation, as well as for being a great remedy for flu. Myths and Legends of the World. VideoHound's Golden Movie Retriever. Meaning and Healing Properties, Do I Need Sapphire? Norimitsu Odachi: Who Could Have Possibly Wielded This Enormous 15th Century Japanese Sword? Mnemosyne is also considered to be the inventor of language and words, and also a goddess of time. In addition, while the number of Muses is traditionally said to be nine, the sources differ from one another once more. Mami Wata is also an important figure in contemporary Vodoun practice. 2nd century AD marble copy of a 1st century BC bronze original by Myron, 2nd century AD marble copy of a 1st century BC bronze original by Myron. Asters are a composite flower, composed of many smaller flowers clustered together, even if they appear like one big flower. Fortune, however, is almost insignificant, and the gods are often referred to as just and kind. Tefnut was the ancient Egyptian goddess of moisture, rain and dew a very significant task in a desert country. However, Odysseus revealed his true identity by telling Penelope a secret about their marriage that only they knewthat one leg of their bed was made from a still-living olive tree and the loving couple were finally reunited. At first Penelope would not believe that Odysseus was her husband, for the gods had hidden his identity from her. 1989 Her worship ranged from very dark (human sacrifice) to personal (virgins dedicated her their lingerie on the night they married) to just fun (women dressing up like a bear and dancing).Her first request to Zeus, when she was a child, was his word to never force her into marriage. WebBut patience gained the day; for if he were only held long enough, he became wearied at last, and, resuming his true form, gave the information desired, after which he dived down again to the bottom of the sea, accompanied by the animals he tended. Sisyphus is a figure in Homers Iliad and other works of Greek mythology. Two Figures At her birth, Athena, the goddess of wisdom, sprang directly from the head of Zeus. . Legend says that she was a magical doe with the strange ability to take on the form of a beautiful young woman in order to seduce and murder men. The Moora Mystery: What Happened When a Girl Stepped into the Moor 2,500 Years Ago? Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. WebAlex Michaelides. The dramatic story of the origins of humanity in Greek mythology involves love, pain, and a hefty dose of What is the origin of the legend of the Christed Son who was born of a virgin on December 25th? In addition to the MLA, Chicago, and APA styles, your school, university, publication, or institution may have its own requirements for citations. One version of the origin of the Nine Muses is found in Hesiods Theogony. WebThat requires a lot of patience and a lot of energy. father-in-law, Laertes, who was 1938 -The Island of the Lotus Eaters (don't want to come home once you eat Lotus) - The Island of the Cyclopes (polyphemus and stabbing the eye) - Aeolia, The Island of Aeolus (men get curious of what is in the bag, release the winds) She is known to capture spirits and bestow riches, and to govern an innumerable host of water spirits known as mami watas and papi watas. Myths, folklore ancient songs and poems present the number nine as being connected with the underworld, and this has been extended into modern pop culture. A Dictionary of Zoology. She openly defied her evil uncle King Creon to bury her brother, Polydeuces, saying that an immoral law should not be followed. Elisabeth Frink's 'Riace' warriors highlight a darker side to the ancient Greek notion of masculinity. The Muses had the power to inspire, and this should not be underestimated. Lastly, Calliope was the Muse of epic poetry, and was called The One with the Beautiful Voice. @ u'Z
Alternate Names She has a wide range of interests ranging from ancient cultures and mythology to Harry Potter and gardening. Penelope is generally viewed as a reflection of the ancient Greek idea of the perfect wife. nymph 1930 Artists and writers have been looking back to the ancient world for hundreds of years. This content is subject to copyright. Everything you need to know about life in a foreign country. During that time, Penelope received the attentions of many suitors. The marriage bed of Penelope and Odysseus also symbolizes their love, with one leg rooted deep into the ground and still alive despite the years. All rights reserved. Dance of Apollo and the Nine Muses. [Online] Available at: https://www.britannica.com/place/Mount-Helicon, The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica. They stand for war, death, sovereignty, and the protection of the community, and spend their free time starting fights and provoking young men into doing stupid things for their amusement.The Morrigan is wild and they are bloody, they dance on spear tips and drive people to battle frenzy in the name of glory or entertainment. ." Therefore, that information is unavailable for most Encyclopedia.com content. In John William Waterhouse's painting Circe at Gallery Oldham, she's shown with a placid, welcoming expression and in a nearly transparent dress, offering a cup of wine to her guest Odysseus (seen in the mirror). Theyre also perfect for graduations, holidays and any celebratory event. According to Classical mythology, the Nine Muses are the daughters of Zeus and Mnemosyne (or Memory). The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Music. . Erato was the Muse of love poetry and was called The Lovely One. ." She is dutiful, caring for the kingdom while Odysseus is away, and she remains faithful to him despite the many suitors that gather around her. 2020. Throughout the history of civilization, the concept of the apocalypse has been ever present, in one way or another. Glasgow Life Museums, The Judgement of Paris Appears In [Online] Available at: https://www.theoi.com/Titan/TitanisMnemosyne.html, Atsma, A. WebA SMALL SELECTION OF HEROES, KINGS & VILLAINS. Here are some of them: In Greek mythology, the flower is believed to come from the tears of Astraea, the goddess of innocence and purity. Colquhoun's version becomes almost a self portrait, looking down on herself whilst in the bath. ELIZABETH KNOWLES "Penelope Pronunciation Artists like Ithell Colquhoun have also been drawn to the rich and fascinating ancient Greek world but have chosen to show it in a different way. Morrigan is a trio of supernatural women who form a terrifying collective. ." ; I am sure you are familiar with his legend which states that he was born in a manger surrounded by shepherds, about Demystifying the Nine Sorceresses at the Center of Time, Dizzying Inca Rope Bridges Were Grass-Made Marvels of Engineering, For Sale In Britain: A Small Ancient Man With A Colossal Penis. At first Penelope would not believe that Odysseus was her husband, for the gods had hidden his identity from her. identity from her. On the other hand, China asters are believed to bless ones home, where its dried leaves and flowers have been used to make tea. MICHAEL KENNEDY and JOYCE BOURNE "Pnlope %PDF-1.6
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When Odysseus and his crew wash up on her island, she uses her seductive charms and magical powers to outwit most of the men turning them into pigs but her attempts to overcome Odysseus are foiled by a tip-off from the god Hermes. From sirens to sea monsters, the female characters are limited to performing archetypal roles: their positions are always secondary to men. While they bestowed rewards on those who honored them, the Muses were equally prepared to punish those who dared to challenge them. For a while, she put them off by saying that she would consider marriage only after she finished weaving a shroud for her father-in-law, Laertes (pronounced lay-UR-teez), who was grieving over Odysseus's absence. Although asters arent fancy, theyre pretty and popular. Homer's Odyssey Mousai. "Penelope Even if you didnt know it by his surname, you might figure it out by reading The Silent Patient. If you lose, you leave Medusaeus' spring on Mount Helikon and Aganippe Hyantea, or we the plain of Emathia up to Paeonia's snowy mountainsides; and let the judgement of the Nymphae decide. She was always depicted as a terrifying skeletal creature with deadly claws sharp enough to tear a grown man to shreds. (For the story of his birth see Thetis .) WebThe gods turned against them and the journey home was cursed. Gallery Oldham. [Skip to quick links] The Muses may be said to be jealously protective of their status. Penelope and Odysseus were deeply in love, so it was with great sorrow that Odysseus later left her and their infant son, Telemachus, to fight in the Trojan War. She is the heroine of the eponymous play by the dramatist Euripides (c. 484406 bce). Harris Museum, Art Gallery & Library, Hannibal's Sister ." ." Encyclopedia.com. Retrieved February 22, 2023 from Encyclopedia.com: https://www.encyclopedia.com/arts/dictionaries-thesauruses-pictures-and-press-releases/penelope. This gender imbalance plays out in many stories from the ancient world and reflects the patriarchal society which produced them. . Thaleia was the Muse of comedy and bucolic poetry and was called The Cheerful One. Odysseus Daughter of the sun god Ra, she was depicted as a lion-headed goddess, occasionally with the body of a serpent. Fand (Celtic goddess) Goddess of Happiness and Pleasure. She is the mother of Mixcoatl, one of the most important gods of the Aztec culture. Odysseus, Achilles, et al. oh-DIS-ee-uhs Pronunciation Z{&qIbRw&)VyH=3s,?A5PB-"ab\p"L&'irxP9@ONQroQ Retrieved February 22, 2023 from Encyclopedia.com: https://www.encyclopedia.com/history/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/penelope. A Closer Look at the Language of Flowers, October Birth Flowers: Marigold and Cosmos, Do I Need Sodalite? The Pierides, however, merely laughed at the threats and continued verbally abusing the Muses. The Silent Patient Alex Michaelides's The Silent Patient lures readers in with a tantalizing premise: a woman has murdered her husband in cold blood, and then refuses to say why. There are a number of Greek myths in which the Muses are challenged, and, needless to say, these challengers are defeated and are punished as a consequence. Becerrillo: The Terrifying War Dog of the Spanish Conquistadors, The Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse: Unleashing the End of the World, What is Shambhala? Unknown to Penelope, Odysseus had arrived home disguised as a beggar. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. The stories and characters of Greek and Roman mythology remain relevant to each generation seeing them from a new perspective. endstream
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Each day Penelope would sit weaving the There is no indication that Persephone wanted to marry Hades; she was abducted, after all. Our open community is dedicated to digging into the origins of our species on planet earth, and question wherever the discoveries might take us. Greek Mythology Unknown to Penelope, Odysseus had arrived home disguised as a beggar. This information should in no way be used as a substitute for medical advice from a professional. 120 0 obj
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She transforms herself into a warrior goddess associated with fire. Her attributes were the globe and compass. She is depicted with a veil and normally presented as a pensive woman. For the 20 years that c.14501455, Master of the Judgement of Paris (active mid-15th C), The Judgement of Paris The disguised Odysseus won the archery contest and then killed all the Definitely Dionysos. There are many different versions of the story of how Dionysos was born, some of which are more bizarre than others, but the u One day, she saved a young thief from execution and then married him, because she thought she loved him. Penelope is known for her fidelity to her husband Odysseus, despite the attention of more than a hundred suitors during his absence. Perhaps the art made by Colquhoun, Frink, Himid and Vaughan reflect the societal values of the twentieth and twenty-first centuries in the same waythat Waterhouse, Pinturicchioand the Master of the Judgement of Paris reflect theirs. WebSOPHROSYNE was the personified spirit ( daimon a) of moderation, self-control, temperance, restraint, and discretion. @u0cYMt-_"IBrGxKr(|E$Ac&i3TW:zk5/t(:U0?6=C J
Watts Gallery Artists' Village, Achilles and Briseis 101m/C DVD . Theyre long-lived perennials and can be planted almost any time of the year. Appears In The Oxford Dictionary of Phrase and Fable, Nationality/Culture According to legend, the god Apollo helped Admetus, son of the king of Pherae, to harness a lion and a boar to a chariot in order to win Alcestiss hand. (Jastrow / Public Domain ). Seeing this as an During the Middle Ages, exorcisms were commonplace to rid individuals of supposed demonic possession. In the mythological story of Niobe, Artemis punishes the mortal mother for boasting that she is a more fortunate mother than Artemis' mother, Leto: Artemis destroys However, Odysseus revealed his true identity by telling Penelope a secret about their marriage that only they knew, and the loving couple were finally reunited. In addition to Zeus and Hera, there were many other major and minor gods in the Greek religion. The National Gallery, London, Penelope with the Suitors tale is that without their approval, none of the Irish kings can reign. She's too weak to fully resist the suitors and throw them out. "Penelope (Jastrow / Public Domain ) It is rather apt that Hesiod refers to Mnemosyne as the mother of the Muses. She is shown holding a mask of tragedy, a sword (or blade), and wearing the cothurnus (a type of boots used by tragic actors). Encyclopedia.com. She works as the chief editor of Symbol Sage but also takes the time to write on topics that interest her. However, a family of ducks %%EOF
One of the great epic poems of ancient Greece, https://www.encyclopedia.com/history/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/penelope, https://www.encyclopedia.com/humanities/news-wires-white-papers-and-books/penelope, https://www.encyclopedia.com/arts/culture-magazines/penelope, https://www.encyclopedia.com/arts/dictionaries-thesauruses-pictures-and-press-releases/penelope, https://www.encyclopedia.com/environment/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/penelope, https://www.encyclopedia.com/humanities/dictionaries-thesauruses-pictures-and-press-releases/penelope, https://www.encyclopedia.com/science/dictionaries-thesauruses-pictures-and-press-releases/penelope. Therefore, this Muse is sometimes depicted as holding these poems in her hands. [Online] Available at: https://www.britannica.com/topic/Muse-Greek-mythology, www.greekmythology.com. It tells the story of Orpheus, the son of Apollo, whose lyre-playing skill was legendary. Encyclopedia.com. WebA riveting tale of love, ambition and immortal fame, this award-winning debut from the author of Circe retells the story of the Trojan War and its greatest hero from the point of "Penelope ." Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. The flower has been an inspiration for many artists, including Claude Monet, the famous French Impressionist painter, who featured the bloom in his Vase of Asters painting in 1880. MICHAEL ALLABY "Penelope